Lamp Type Voltage Power(W) Diameter (mm) Length Max.
(mm) 		Beam Angle Lamp Life (h) Lamp Holder Luminous Intensity
(cd)		 Color Temp.
TC- DEL 230 (V) 10W
13W
18W
26W		 12mm
12mm 12mm 12mm		 100mm
125mm
145mm 165mm		   12000hrs
12000hrs
12000hrs 12000hrs		 G 24q
G 24q
G 24q
G 24q		 600
900
1200
1800
2700 k
4000 k
 
TC-EL 230 (V) 7W
9W
11W 		12mm 12mm 12mm 114mm 144mm 214mm   12000hrs 12000 hrs 12000hrs 2G 7
2G 7
2G 7		 400
600
900		 2700 k
4000 k
TC-L L 230 (V) 18W
24W
36W
40W
55W		 17mm 17mm 17mm 17mm 17mm 217mm 317mm 411mm 533mm 533mm   12000hrs 12000hrs 12000hrs 12000hrs 12000hrs 2G 11
2G 11
2G 11
2G 11
2G 11		 1200
1800
2900
3500
4800
2700 k
4000 k
HIT-DE 230 (V) 70W
150W		 20mm 23mm 114mm 132mm   6000hrs 6000hrs Rx 7S
Rx 7S		 5500
11250		 4200 k
3000 k
HIT 230 (V) 35W
70W
150W		 25mm 25mm 25mm 84mm 84mm 84mm   6000hrs 6000hrs 6000hrs G 12
G 12
G 12		 2400
5500 130000
3000 k
11250
XENON 24 (V) 5W
10W		 10.5mm 10.5mm 43.7mm 43.7mm   20000hrs 20000hrs   40
90		 3000 k
QT-9 12 (V) 5/10/20W 9mm 33mm 3000hrs Gu 4 60,130,320 3000 k
QT-12 12 (V) 10W
20W
35W
50W		 9mm
9mm 12mm 12mm 		33mm 33mm 44mm 44mm   3000hrs 3000hrs 3000hrs 3000hrs Gy6.35 Gy6.35 Gy6.35 Gy6.35 130
320
600
930

3000 k
 
QRCBC-35 12 (V) 20W
35W		 36mm 36mm 41mm 41mm 10,30
10,30		 4000hrs 4000hrs Gu 5.3 Gu 5.3 4500,700 7200,1350 3100 k
QRCBC-51 12 (V) 20W


35W


50W		 51mm


51mm


51mm		 49mm


49mm


49mm		 10,24,
38,60

10,24,
38,60

10,24,
38,60		 4000hrs


4000hrs


4000hrs 		Gu 5.3


Gu 5.3


Gu 5.3 		6500, 1700, 800, 350

8000, 3100, 1500, 700

13000,4400, 2200, 1100


3100 k
QR-111 12 (V) 75W



100W 		111mm 111mm 111mm

111mm 111mm 111mm		 57mm 58mm 55mm

57mm 58mm 55mm		 8
24
45

8
24
45 		3000hrs 3000hrs 3000hrs

3000hrs 3000hrs 3000hrs		 Gx5.3 Gx5.3 Gx5.3

Gx5.3 Gx5.3 Gx5.3 		30000
5300
1700

48000
8500
2800

3000 k

3000 k
 
QT-32 12 (V) 100W 150W 250W 32mm 32mm 32mm 105mm 105mm 105mm   2000hrs 2000hrs 2000hrs E-27
E-27
E-27		 1500
2500
4200
3000 k
QT DE-12 230 (V) 150W 300W 500W 11mm 11mm 11mm 114mm 114mm 114mm   2000hrs 2000hrs 2000hrs R 7S
R 7S
R 7S		 2600
5000
9500
3000 k
HALOPAR-20 Spot 230 (V) 50W 64.5mm 91mm 10 2000hrs E-27 3200 2700 k
HALOPAR-30 Spot 230 (V) 75W 97mm 90.5mm 10 2000hrs E-27 7500 2700 k
HALOPAR-38 FLOOD 230 (V) 60W
80W
120W		 122mm 122mm 122mm 136mm 136mm 136mm 30
30
30		 2000hrs 2000hrs 2000hrs E-27
E-27
E-27		 1200
1800
3100
2700 k
HALOPAR-56 FLOOD/SPOT & WIDE FLOOD 230 (V) 300W 300W
300W		 179mm 179mm 179mm 127mm 127mm
127mm 		30
30
30		 2000hrs 2000hrs
2000hrs 		GX16d GX16d GX16d 40000
22000
9000
2700 k
GLS/A-60 230 (V) 60W 100W 60mm
60mm		 105mm 105mm   1000hrs 1000hrs E-27
E-27		 730
1380		 2700 k
LED-35R 12VDC 1.5 35 10 30deg. 1,00,000 Terminal - All
LED-50R 12VDC 2.0 50 10 30deg. 1,00,000 Terminal - All
LED-250 12VDC 5.0 10 250 30deg. 1,00,000 Terminal - All
LED-35 12VDC 0.6 10 35 30deg. 1,00,000 Terminal - All

Lighting levels
  Extract from CIBSE Code 1994
Recommended service illuminance values
  Area Lux
  office, clerical work station 500
  conference room 500
  assembly hall, banking hall 300
  general entrance hall, waiting room 200
  enquiry desk 500
  hotel entrance hall 100
  reception desk 300
  cinema foyer 200
  auditorium 100
  lecture theatre 300
  cafeteria 200
  bar, restaurant, lounge 50-200
  rest room 150
  cloakroom 100
  corridor 100
  shopping precinct 150
  shop 500
  library 300-500
  museum (depends on exhibits) 50-300
  church 150-300

Uniformity and layouts
The CIBSE Code recommends that the uniformity ratio for general task lighting - the ratio of maximum illuminance to average illuminance - should be at least 0.8. Illuminance uniformity is largely determined by the luminaire light distribution and the spacing between luminaires. The spacing to height ratio (SHR) is the maximum permissible to ensure acceptably even lighting. It is based on the minimum illuminance in the centre of the luminaire arrangement being 70% of the illuminance directly below one luminaire.

In practice this limit of 0.7 is compatible with the 0.8 requirement. The luminaires nearest to the walls are normally spaced from them by half of the spacing between luminaires.

Light loss factor
Light loss factor refers to the reduction in light level due to soiling and lamp deterioration.

Glare
Category 1 for Intense VDT use (55 o ) specified for areas of limited space with a high number of VTDs, where the VDT is used intensively for long periods and errors are critical.

Category 2 for General VDT use (65 o ) specified for areas with widespread VDT units, including those which have one terminal per desk or a few which are used continually.

Category 3 for Minimal VST use (75 o ) recommended for areas where VDTs may be used only casually and where the density is fairly low. The three categories have luminance limitations above 55 o , 65 o and 75 o respectively to the downward vertical. Above these angles the average luminance does not exceed 200cd/m 2 which is regarded as an acceptable level.

Lighting Glossary
THIS GLOSSARY IS INTENDED TO ASSIST THE LIGHTING DESIGNER BY PROVIDING SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF THE
MOST IMPORTANT AND FREQUENTLY USED TECHNICAL TERMS FOUND IN THIS CATALOGUE.

Ballast lumen factor BLF (%)
Refers to the ratio of light output from the lamp on emergency operation to the nominal light output.

Candela (cd)
The unit of luminous intensity Colour rendering index Ra(%)

A measure of the degree to which the colour rendition of a light source differs on average from that of the lamp. At Ra(8) the illuminant (perceived) colour shift of eight reference colours is measured as a percentage and averaged to give one number. Values of 100 - 90 are good, 90 - 80 less good and lamps with Ra’s below 80 should not be used where colour rendition is key.

Colour temperature T c(K)
Black bodies when heated to sufficiently high temperatures emit red light, when the temperature is increased further the emitted light becomes white.

The colour co-ordinates derived from this heated black body (a full spectral, or perfect radiator) when plotted on a diagram lie on a smooth curve known as the full radiator locus, and are shown on the CIE Chromacity Diagram.

The colour appearance of a given light source can be compared to a position of the full radiator locus by reference to its colour temperature, and is generally quoted in degrees Kelvin.

Emergency lighting
Lighting provided for when mains lighting installation fails. With decentralised emergency lighting the electronics and battery are installed in a separate unit in each fitting; with central emergency lighting several fittings can be connected to one power supply. ‘Maintained’ systems allow the lamp to be switched on and off and come on or stay on if the power fails. In ‘non-maintained’ systems the lamp only comes on if the power supply fails.


Emergency lighting design lumen (ELDL)
ELDL indicates the guaranteed light output from a lamp on emergency operation. It is used when calculating the number of fittings required with the lumen method. When calculating for emergency lighting, the wall, ceiling and floor reflectances must be set at zero.

Glare
Glare is the discomfort caused by different levels in luminance and can tire the eyes.

Light
Light Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 380-720nm. Ultraviolet light has a wavelength of less that 380nm whilst infrared light’s is greater than 720nm.

Lighting level
The incidence of light flux on a surface per unit of area, measured in lux. There is a difference between the vertical and horizontal lighting level.

Lighting output ratio (LOR)
The ratio of the luminaire light output to lamp light output. The efficiency of the luminaire.

Lumen (lm)
Unit of luminous flux used to describe a quantity of light emitted by a source and received by a surface.

Luminaire efficacy
How well a luminaire uses the luminous flux of the lamp. It is indicated in the lighting graphs by LOR (light output ratio).

Luminance
The measure of brilliance with which the eye perceives an illuminated surface from a certain direction. The luminous intensity per unit of visible surface of light source (direct) or an illuminated surface (reflection). Luminance is indicated in candelas per square meter (cd/ m 2 ).

Luminous efficacy (lm/W)
Indicates how efficiently a lamp converts electrical energy to light.

Luminous flux
The total light output of a lamp measured in lumen (lm).

Luminous intensity
The power of a source or illuminated surface to emit light in a particular direction, measured in candela.

Lux (lux)
The unit of illuminance, equal to one lumen per square meter (lm/m 2)

Maintenance factor
Lighting levels decrease in time due to soiling and lamp deterioration. Mean values are 0.7 for a normal interior and 0.8 for a very clean one.

Performance cone
Shows whether the luminaire emits a narrow or wide beam of light and indicates the lighting level measured at the centre of the beam. The beam diameter and angle indicate where half the light is measured in relation to the centre of the beam. It gives only a rough guide of the size of beams narrower than 40 o .

Polar curve
The graphic representation of the luminous intensity in different direction. If two curves are plotted, the distributions are in two vertical planes. The value is indicated in candelas per 1000 lumen (cd/klm) and therefore must be multiplied by the nominal luminous flux of the lamps used. The polar curve graph also indicates luminaire efficiency.

Power factor correction
The electricity supply companies require that the power factor at which the supply is used shall be maintained at not less that 0.9 lagging, on average between one meter reading and the next. For any given wave shape, power factor is defined as the ratio of Watts/ (volts rms x amps rms).

Low power factor increases the KVA demand for the supply, reduces the useful load that can be safely handled by cables and distribution equipment, and in some cases can attract additional tariff penalties.

Lamp circuits which incorporate a choke, leakage reactance transformer, or an electronic ballast can have low power factors, often between 0.3 and 0.6.

The low power factor from these circuits can be corrected by the addition of a compensation capacitor. These can be placed at the central point of the supply, locally for each group of luminaires, or integral within each luminaire.

Some authority who utilise mains signalling may require an additional filter choke in series with the power factor capacitor.

Room index K
An index relating to the dimensions of a room influencing the
amount of light emitted from the fitting onto the working surface.

K= a x b/ h x (a+b)

where: a = room light
b= room width
h = height between the luminaire and working surface.

Shielding angle (º)
The horizontally measured angle from which the lamp or reflection from it in the reflector is no longer visible. It is an important measure of glare and, therefore, light comfort.

Spacing to height ratio (SHR)
Used to determine the maximum distance between luminaires. The ratio of the distance between adjacent luminaires to the distance between the luminaire plane and the horizontal working plane.

Uniformity ratio of illuminance
This indicates the degree of evenness of the light on the working surface and is shown as a ratio of the minimum to the mean lighting level on a surface. The lower the number the more disturbing the light. In practice 0.8 or 0.7 is regarded as sufficient.

Utilance
The ratio of the luminous flux which the reference surface receives to the sum of the luminous fluxes of the luminaires present in the room. This is influenced by the form of light distribution, the shape of the room, its reflection factors and the location of the luminaires in relation to the working surface.

Utilisation factor
The ratio of the light flux which the reference surface receives to the totalled luminous fluxes of the installation lamps. This is influenced by the shape of the room and selected luminaire and is expressed in the form of UF table. The utilisation factor is the product of luminaire efficiency and utilance.

Principal of lighting design
One of the most important aspects of lighting design is to determine the number of luminaires required, based on a given illuminance value. The room utilisation factor method is a sufficiently accurate and relatively simple procedure for finding the required number of luminaires (n):

n = 1.25 x E x a x b / Φ x ηLB x ηR

Room utilisation factor method

Status of the lighting system
The planning factor takes into account the reduction in luminous flux and soiling of the light fittings. Planning factor - 1.25

Rated illuminance E
According to DIN 5035, Part 2 for the room in question, depending on the type of activity.

Room factor k
The room factor k makes allowance for the shape of the room:
k = axb/h(a+b)
a = Room width
b = Room length
H = Room height
h = H - 0.85 m

Luminous flux Φ
Taken from the lamp catalogue, depending on the lamp to be used in the luminaire.

Luminaire efficiency ηLB
Taken from the luminaire catalogue, depending on the luminaire selected.

Room utilisation factor ηR
From the LiTG table for the selected luminaire on the basis of the classification (e.g. A40.2). The effect of light distribution in the room is covered by the value from the appropriate table. Table 1 contains the room utilisation factor R as a percentage against the room factor (k), based on a combination of the reflectances of the ceilings, walls and work surfaces (of floors).


Basis:
Reflectances p
The reflective properties of the room surfaces are measured in terms of the reflectances of the ceilings, walls and work surfaces (or floors). Reflectances can be determined with the aid of reflectance table.
Luminaries ceiling mounted Reflectances p
Ceiling 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5  0.3
Wall 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3
Surface 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Room factor k
0.6 73 46 37 44 36 66 36 42 35 35
0.8 82 57 47 54 46 74 45 51 44 44
1.0 91 66 56 62 54 80 53 59 52 51
1.25 98 75 65 70 62 85 61 66 60 59
1.5 103 82 73 76 69 89 67 72 66 65
2.0 109 91 82 84 78 94 75 78 73 72
2.5 114 98 90 90 84 97 81 83 79 77
3.0 117 103 96 95 90 99 86 87 83 82
4.0 120 109 103 100 95 11 91 91 88 86
5.0 122 107 103 98 103 93 103 93 91 89

This table shows the room utilisation factor for numerous combinations of room factors and reflectances (always assuming ideal dispersion). The illuminance E required in a room of area a x b is achieved with n luminaires that have an efficiency ηLB and with lamps with a luminous flux Φ.